The Social Measuring of the Crystallization of Cultural Ontology in the Apostolic Discussion about the Fate of the Church and its Significance
Abstract. The article is an analysis of the process of articulation of the most important practical imperatives of the Christian semantic universe as the ontological source of the social reality of modernity, carried out in early Christian disputes about the possibility of preaching the Good News to pagans. The subject of theoretical analysis represents three stages of church discussion: 1) in Antioch about the need for circumcision for non-Jews, 2) the so-called Jerusalem Cathedral, in which the apostles James, Peter, John and Paul and Barnabas took part, 3) Antioch dispute about the possibility of a joint meal between Jews and pagans. It is shown that in the process of these discussions, they did not just solve particular questions about the need for circumcision for non-Jews Christians or the obligation for them to comply with the Law of Moses. At this moment, the further strategy of the development of the Church and its opportunity to become a Catholic Church, the one that is transcending state and national borders, were determined. The structure of the assertion of the central doctrinal principles of Christianity, which has been reconstructed in the article, consists of 1) the act of collegial approval of the subjective existential experience of comprehending the Truth by Saul, who, as a result of church recognition, turns into Paul, the apostle of the pagans, 2) consolidation of the decisions of councils as a general ecclesiastical norm, which is fixating Truth at the level of unfalsified imperatives, 3) strengthening of intra-church solidarity and promotion of the Church as the only bearer of Truth in the process of the performative assertion of articulated dogmas. A conclusion is made related to the importance of social consolidation and promotion of ontological axioms for the formation of a Christian cultural universe, which has become the core of the social reality of Western civilization.
Key words: Christianity, Paul the Apostle, Cathedral, church, social reality, existential experience, collegial decision, social.
References
Baron J., Archbishop. Teologiya sv. apostola Pavla v svete Khristianskogo Edinstva. [Theology of St. the Apostle Paul in the Light of Christian Unity]. St Petersburg: Aleteyya Publ., 2013. - 632 p. (In Russian).
Bilokobylskyi Oleksandr V., Eroshenko Tat'yana V. Borot'ba z єresyami v khristiyanstvі III–VII stolіt' yak dzherelo naukovoї ratsіonal'nostі [The Struggle Against Heresies in Christianity of the III-VII Centuries as a Source of Scientific Rationality]. Skhіd. Analіtichno-іnformatsіyniy zhurnal [West]. Donetsk, 2009. no. 4. pp. 97-101 (In Ukrainian).
Étienne Henry Gilson. L’Esprit de la philosophie médiévale. Paris: Librarie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1960. 448 p. (Russ. Ed.: Étienne Henry Gilson. Dukh srednevekovoy filosofii. Moscow: Institut filosofii, teologii i istorii sv. Fomy, 2011. - 560 p.).
Fabris Rinaldo. Paolo. L'apostolo delle genti. Milano: Paoline, 1997. 622 p. (Russ. ed.: Fabris Rinaldo. Pavel. Apostol narodov. Moscow: Paoline, 2008. – 416 p.)
Gnilka Ioakhim. Sluzhenie Petra – po Novozavetnym osnovaniyam. [Peter's Ministry - New Testament Principles]. Available at: http://vstrecha-center.ru/lib/book/read/669/#toc1 (accessed on November 21, 2021) (In Russian).
Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger (Benedict XVI). Many Religions, One Covenant: Israel, the Church, and the World. Ignatius Press, 1999. 113 p. (Russ. ed.: Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger Mnogoobrazie religiy i edinyy zavet Moscow: Institut filosofii, teologii i istorii sv. Fomy, 2007. 130 p.)
Küng Hans. Große christliche Denker. München: Piper, 1994. 287 с. (Russ. ed. Küng Hans. Velikie khristianskie mysliteli. St Petersburg: Aleteyya Publ., 2017. - 444 p.)
Levytskyy V.S. "Sotsiologiya ontologii": znachenie sotsial'nykh aspektov bor'by za Simvol very na Pervom Vselenskom sobore [“Sociology of ontology”: the Importance of the Social Aspects of the Struggle for the Creed at the First Ecumenical Council]. Religiovedenie [Study of Religions]. Blagoveshchensk: Makro-S, 2020, no. 3, pp. 69-77 (in Russian).
Martelli Claudio. Svіts'ke kredo khristiyans'kogo gumanіzmu [Secular Сredo of Christian Humanism] // Carlo Maria Martini, Umberto Eco. In cosa crede chi non crede? Milano: Bompiani, 2014. - 123 p. (Ukr. ed. Carlo Maria Martini, Umberto Eco. U shcho vіrit' toy, khto ne vіrit'? Zhovkva: Mіsіoner, 2016. - pp. 84-95).
- Septimi Florentis Tertulliani. Protiv Markiona v pyati knigakh [Adversus Marcionem]. St Petersburg: «Izdatel'stvo Olega Abyshko», «Izdatel'stvo Pal'mira», 2010. 576 p. (in Russian).
Stilianopulos Feodor. K voprosu o bibleyskom osnovanii pervenstva [On the Question of the Biblical Basis of Primacy]. Available at: vstrecha-center.ru/lib/book/read/669/#toc1 (accessed on November 21, 2021) (In Russian).